Research Symposium Program - Individual Details
5th annual Undergraduate Research Symposium, April 17, 2025
Cybill Robinson https://pc.fsu.edu/student-research/symposium/symposium-program-2025/dnap
BIO
This group, in accordance with graduation requirements, is presenting a quality improvement project on the use of dexmedetomidine in neurosurgical spine cases. We have a deep passion for anesthesia and its evolving role in patient care. Our interest in dexmedetomidine stems from its ability to provide sedation while preserving respiratory function and offering neuroprotective benefits, making it a valuable tool in anesthesia management. With a strong commitment to advancing our knowledge and clinical skills, we aspire to contribute to the field of anesthesia by optimizing patient outcomes, particularly in complex surgical cases, through evidence-based practices and innovative approaches.
Dexmedetomidine in neurosurgical spine procedures
Authors: Cybill Robinson, Lonnie Hodges, DNP, CRNA, CHSE, LtCol USAF(ret)Student Major: Doctor of Nurse Anesthesia Practice - DNAP
Mentor: Lonnie Hodges, DNP, CRNA, CHSE, LtCol USAF(ret)
Mentor's Department: Nurse Anesthesia Program Mentor's College: Florida State University Co-Presenters: Jeremy Matyjaszek and Matthew Usry
Abstract
Due to its unique pharmacological properties, dexmedetomidine, a selective α2-adrenergic agonist, has gained significant attention in clinical practice. This literature review explores its role in neurosurgical spine surgeries, guided by the PICO question: Do adult patients undergoing neuroskeletal spine procedures (P) who receive perioperative dexmedetomidine (I), compared to those who do not (C), require less perioperative narcotics (O)? A total of six research articles were critically reviewed from CINAHL, PubMed, and Cochrane, including four systematic reviews and meta-analyses totaling 53 studies with 3,379 patients, and two randomized control trials with 172 patients. Four of the six studies provided strong statistical evidence (95% confidence intervals) that dexmedetomidine reduces PACU opioid consumption and postoperative pain intensity. Dexmedetomidine offers advantages such as stable hemodynamics, minimal respiratory depression, and reduced opioid requirements. Additionally, it has neuroprotective properties, reduces emergence delirium, and decreases shivering and postoperative nausea and vomiting. It facilitates smoother extubation and enhances postoperative outcomes. However, potential complications, including bradycardia and hypotension, require cautious administration. This quality improvement project aimed to present these findings to staff and encourage dexmedetomidine use in neurosurgical procedures. Despite successful collaboration with anesthesia staff, unforeseen bureaucratic hurdles delayed access to medication records, preventing the collection of required pre- and post-data. Nonetheless, this project highlights dexmedetomidine’s potential as a valuable adjunct in neurosurgical spine surgeries and the need for continued research and institutional support to optimize its use in clinical practice.
Keywords: Dexmedetomidine, neurosurgical spine procedures, Precedex